Hashimoto Thyroiditis and Increased Blood Glucose Level

Abstract

Hashimoto Thyroiditis (HT), also known as chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis is an autoimmune disease in which the thyroid gland is gradually destroyed, that result in hypothyroidism. It should be noted that the thyroid hormones directly control insulin secretion, that's why in hypothyroidism the low levels of thyroid hormones will result in a reduction in glucose-induced insulin secretion by beta cells. This may result in many metabolic abnormalities as well as multiple clinical symptoms. Some studies suggest that blood sugar may be affected in hypothyroidism and levels may increase, which explains why there is an underlying connection between diabetes mellitus and thyroid dysfunction. Thyroid hormone analogs are used as management of thyroid dysfunction and diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM), but their effect on bone, muscles, and heart are major hurdles. This study aims to determine if there is a connection between hyperglycemia and HT and whether HT gets worse with hyperglycemia. It could be affirmed that a poor lifestyle or being diabetic could increase the risk for HT especially if you have genetic susceptibility to develop it. Results: there is a direct correlation between hyperglycemia and HT, this relationship is due to insulin resistance that occurs in HT which can lead to hyperglycemia and can result in diabetes. Conclusion: there are many factors involved in the homeostasis of blood glucose levels such as intact insulin secretory response. And not every HT patient is diabetic and not every diabetic patient has HT