Intrinsic cardiac ganglia The little brain on the heart
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2020-03-15
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faculty of Basic Medical Science - Libyan International Medical University
Abstract
The present study was undertaken to identify the full extent of the human intrinsic
cardiac nervous system as well as the interrelationships of its ganglia within different
cardiac regions. We estimated the relative numbers of ganglia on the human heart and
studied the morphology and synaptology of human intrinsic cardiac neurons. In this
manner, we sought to provide an overview of the distribution, size, and anatomic
relationships of intrinsic cardiac ganglia and to propose a descriptive terminology that
identifies their major cardiac sites in order to help locate this nervous system for
functional studies in, for instance, the operating theater
Description
The locations of human intrinsic cardiac neurons and the mediastinal nerves that
contain axons connecting with such neurons remain poorly understood despite the fact
that the anatomy of this nervous system has been the subject of scrutiny for over a
century 1-( Francillon)2-( Kuntz,)3-( Davies et al.) 4-(Mitchell) 5-(Robb). Intrinsic
cardiac neurons have been reported to be located in small ganglia scattered primarily
over the posterior surfaces of the atria 4-(Mitchell,1956), particularly in the posterior
atrioventricular groove 6-(Dogiel, 1899)7-( Glomset ). Few neurons have been
associated with human ventricular tissues 2-(Kuntz, )3-( Davies) 8-(Janes et al.,1986).
Recent work has indicated that the mammalian intrinsic cardiac nervous system is
widely distributed, possessing a number of different types of neurons.. These neurons
interact via a number of synaptic mechanisms to maintain adequate cardiac output
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