Skin Cancer in Albinos' Patients
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Date
2020-02-27
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faculty of Basic Medical Science - Libyan International Medical University
Abstract
Skin cancer among Africans is rare, and albinism in this population is a known risk of skin
cancer. There are two main types of albinism which are ocular albinism and oculocutaneous
albinism. Ultraviolet radiation at the equator is highest, and African albinos living near the
equator are at greatest risk of developing skin cancer.
In this report, the data are collected from the 2 published articles.
The first study recorded of albinos administered into Imo State University Hospital from June 2007
to May 2009 were reviewed. The data obtained were analyzed using descriptive statistics.
Second research is a retrospective review of all albinos with histological diagnosis of skin
malignancies reported to Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital, Irrua Edo State, Nigeria between
September 2010 and August 2016. The following details were extracted from the patient casenotes.
The result of most of the patients was under 55 years of age, the average duration of symptoms at
diagnosis was approximately 26 months and squamous cell carcinoma was the most common
histological type
Description
Albinism is an inheritable disorder that affects the melanin production due to the absence or defect
in tyrosinase enzyme which converts tyrosine to dioxyphenylalanine (the precursor of melanin) .
1
Mutations in tyrosinase (TYR) gene (11q14-q21), resulting in impaired tyrosinase activity, are by
far the most common and affect up to 50% of cases worldwide .
3 This leads to the absence or
reduction in melanin produced in the melanocytes which affect the skin, eyes, and hair
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