Living With a Neglected Neurological Disease
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Date
2020-03-09
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faculty of Basic Medical Science - Libyan International Medical University
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune disease (type 4 hypersensitivity) in which
the immune system attacks the myelin sheath that protects the axon of neurons causing
a failure in communication between neurons, Although the cause of such reaction is
unknown (idiopathic) but the contribution of genetic, environmental and other minor
factors seems to play a role, multiple sclerosis is actually not curable yet the symptoms
and progression of the disease can be managed through specific medications. It is a
neglected disease in Libya even though multiple cases have been diagnosed in the past
few years
Description
Multiple sclerosis is a cell mediated autoimmune reaction in which the myelin
sheath components (made by oligodendrocytes) that protects the axons of the central
nervous system gets attacked and destroyed by the body, this process is called
demyelination, caused by activated leukocytes (macrophages and T cells). Since the
myelin sheath is destroyed the transmission of neural impulses is now inoperative
hence the effects it has on the central nervous system such as difficulty walking or
blurred vision and in general a collection of sensory, motor and cognitive
complications occur. MS is characterized by sudden transient attacks as well as
remyelination of the myelin sheath however, this differs from one case to another due
to where the demyelination happens in the brain
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Except where otherwised noted, this item's license is described as Attribution 3.0 United States