Caffeine as Protective Factor in Alzheimer Disease
The caffeine is present in many dietary sources consumed around the world i.e in coffee, tea, cocoa , The short term central nervous system stimulating effects of caffeine are well known , but the long term impact has been more unclear , low to moderate doses of caffeine (50_300 mg) Cause the most notable behavior effects including increased a alertness , energy and ability to concentrate , but higher doses can cause negative effect such as anxiety , restlessness insomnia and tachycardia.(1) The Alzheimer disease is progressive or irreversible neurodegenerative disease is the most common cause of dementia in the elderly . the disease usually become clinically apparent as memory loss , with alteration in mood and behavior , language dysfunction , aphasia indicate severe cortical dysfunction .death usually occurs from inter-current pneumonia or other infection . when considered by age groups , the incidence of Alzheimer disease is 3% for individuals 65 to 74 years old , 19% for 75 to 84 years or more . most cases are sporadic , a though at least 5% to 10% of cases are familial . In general , patients rarely become symptomatic before 50 years of age ,by early onset can be seen with some of the heritable forms. (2)
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Caffeine has well-known short-term stimulating effects on central nervous system, but the long term impact has been more unclear .Alzheimer’s disease (AD) neurodegenerative disease is the most common cause of dementia in the elderly. Thus, the protective effects of caffeine against dementia/AD are of great interest. Here We have utilized a transgenic mouse model for AD in well controlled studies to determine in caffeine, and coffee have beneficial actions to protect against or reverse AD like cognitive impairment and AD pathology. AD mice given caffeine in their drinking water from young adulthood into older age showed protection against memory impairment and lower brain levels of the abnormal protein (amyloid-β; Aβ) thought to be central to AD pathogenesis. coffee provided to AD mice also quickly decreased plasma Aβ levels, Caffeine appears to provide its disease-modifying effects through multiple mechanisms, including a direct reduction of Aβ production through suppression of both βand γ-secretase levels. most studies support coffee’s favorable effects against , dementia or AD . In the CAIDE study, coffee drinking of 3–5 cups per day at midlife was associated with a decreased risk of dementia/AD by about 65% at late-life. In conclusion The therapeutic benefits of caffeine consumption against Alzheimer disease are apparent from various recent research studies .this finding might open possibilities for prevention or postponing the onset of Alzheimer disease.
